THE EFFECT OF GRAZING AND THE ASSOCIATED FACTORS ON THE NUTRITIVE VALUE OF HERBAGE IN RANGELANDS

  • Shankar Raj Barsila

In rangelands, the relationship between plants and animals does not change in equilibrium vegetation conditions. However, the flora's composition is negatively impacted by the emergence of new biological processes and a noticeable decrease in plant growth vigor. The amount of grazing, one of the most crucial management factors, greatly affects the composition and structure of the grassland ecosystem. In non-grazed environments, highly palatable species typically predominate the herbage cover, while in grazed areas, non-palatable species prevail. When the herbage approaches the source of the grazing gradient, the concentrations of CP increase rapidly, while those of NDF and ME decrease rapidly. Animals can obtain certain elements from plants, which determines the nutritional value of feed. Variables such as light, temperature, and maturity all have a major impact on a plant's composition, albeit different types of plants differ in this regard. The edaphic and other biological factors have a considerable impact on the herbage's nutritional value. Early maturity is associated with a decline in CP content, while higher temperatures, more precipitation, and more biomass yield result in a faster allocation of biomass. The nutritional value of the herbage is determined by the regeneration of leaf portions after grazing causes the upper vegetation to become defoliated. This review focuses on the fundamental elements influencing the nutritional content of the herbage in rangelands, as grazing is a significant component in defining the quality of grasslands. The information is gathered using an available literature survey. The primary causes of the variables influencing the herbage's nutritional value in rangelands have been identified and compiled.